The female-male ratio in the State has gone up considerably between 1991 and 2001, according to the final figures of Census 2001. There were 1,059 females for 1,000 males in the State in 2001. In 1991, it was 1,036 females for every 1,000 males.
According to the latest census report (which is yet to be published), females outnumber males by 9,04,146 in a total population of 3,18,41,374. The female population is 1,63,72,760 and that of male is 1,54,68,614. Similarly, the population is more in rural areas than in urban centres, the rural figure being 2,35,74,449 and the urban 82,66,925 (the difference being 1,53,07,524). The number of people belonging to the Scheduled Castes is 31,23,941 and the Scheduled Tribes 3,64,189.
Malappuram, with 36,25,471 persons, is the most populated district in the State. It has 18,70,895 females and 17,54,576 males. Thiruvananthapuram comes up second, with a total population of 32,34,356. The female population is 16,64,439 and that of male is 15,69,917 in the district. Ernakulam occupies the third position, where the total population is 31,05,798 with a break-up of 15,67,401 females and 15,38,397 males, the report says.
The new census report presages a remarkable change in the development process of the State. Currently, the Central funds are allocated on the basis of the Census 1991 figures. The new data would help raise the level of allocation. Delimitation of Assembly constituencies, held up owing to non-availability of the final census figures, could now be completed. The latest figures are expected to change the status of many panchayats and municipalities, with many of them standing a better chance to be upgraded as municipalities and Corporations respectively.
Departing from the earlier census tradition, the `census moment' was taken as 00.00 hours of March 1, 2001, the referral time at which the snapshot of the country's population was taken. Until the 1991 census, except in 1971, the sunrise of March 1 of the relevant year was the `census moment.' The enumeration of houseless population was carried out on the night of February 28, 2001.
The provisional population totals were brought out on March 26, 2001, within three weeks after completing the enumeration. The final results of the house-listing operations were released in April 2003. The use of the latest technology in data processing has helped to produce the house-listing as well as population enumeration tables on a full count basis for the first time. As many as 202 million schedules comprising 1,028 million records had been scanned and processed within 10 months since October 2002.
A Task Force on Quality Assurance headed by the Registrar-General and Census Commissioner of India was constituted to edit and examine the data. Unlike in earlier years, a novel method, called Computer-Assisted Coding, was employed to compile the details of the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe population.
(Source : http://www.hindu.com/2004/02/19/stories/2004021902120500.htm)
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